We fly for 3 and a half hours on Asiana Air from Seoul and arrive in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia. It’s an easy airport to get through and we are met by our guide as we emerge to the arrivals hall. She mentions it may take over an hour to drive approximately 50kms from the airport into the city – it takes two!!! Starting out is lovely as the airport is in the middle of nowhere!! Lovely fields and open land to enjoy until we hit the outskirts of the city!

The traffic is mental. Loads of cars swapping lanes and it’s also raining which isn’t helping. Mind you the rain is only drizzle so I’m pretty sure it’s a free for all on the roads all the time!
Our guides name is Zaya and she tells us lots of interesting things about Mongolia. It has a population of just 3.2 million which is hard to believe for such a huge country (18th biggest in the world), its population is even less than Ireland! It is made up of 21 provinces and she explains how they lost land to China and Russia. So Inner Mongolia is now part of China.
We cross the trans Siberian railway tracks which is no longer the longest train tracks in the world, although it was for many years. The longest is now in China by the way.

We get dropped to our hotel and have time by ourselves to explore. After finding an ATM and getting some local money called Mongolian tugrik we head to the Genghis Khan museum.

It’s a fairly new building and it’s very impressive. It has 9 floors, 7 of which have exhibits that we need to see… time to get started! Before we head into the first hall we are accosted by a couple who want to have their photo taken with us. They have no English but manage to tell us that they are Inner Mongolians!

Although the museum is the Ghengis Khan museum, it’s not dedicated just to him, it sets the context for the whole Mongol dynasty of which Ghengis was the most famous. His grandson was Kublai Khan who actually did most of the conquering and made the Mongol empire huge.

We get a lot of insight into Ghengis or Chinggis, as the locals call him: Chinggis Khan, the ruler of the Mongol Empire, is credited by researchers and scientists with the following. He was: An intellectual person who founded the Mongol state; A great general who left an indelible mark on the military culture of the world; Triumphant hero of the Mongol people!
Chinggis and his successors reigned over half of the population of the earth at one time as they were able to capture the main centers of major civilizations. The speed of Chinggis Khan then can be compared to the speed of the internet today with the Mongols mastering the most advanced technology of the time and creating and organizing a powerful military

I love seeing the portraits of the queens with their big crazy head gear!! They wore “hair pockets” as it was unseemly for a man other than your husband to see the full locks of your long hair!!

There’s a particular exhibit that is really interesting – the Shoroon Bumbagar burial. Found in 2011 in the Bulgan province, this 7th century burial chamber is reminiscent of a tomb in Egypt as those interred were buried with worldly belongings for use in the afterlife and the walls were decorated with murals. The museum have a number of artefacts taken from the tomb on show.

After the museum visit, we take a walk around but it’s cold and a bit rainy so we find a bar for a wee beverage, sitting outside watching the people of UB (that’s what they call the capital!) go by.

It’s time for dinner and Shane has scoped out a local “hot pot” restaurant which is quite fancy. It’s called The Bull and it’s on the 5th floor of a building just around the corner from our hotel.

We order the set menu with lamb and also add in some horse! Sure you’d have to when it’s on the menu. We chose a soup/broth and it’s placed on an induction hob on the table where we then proceed to cook the food. By the end of the meal the soup is super tasty.

It is all delicious. Shane has a local beer and I take advantage of the fact that there is wine on the menu. A glass of wine is a 100ml measure… now by any standards that’s a small glass but it is only about €2 so I don’t mind having to order more!!! A young girl arrives to the table and uses a shot measure to measure out the wine – 2 of them, hardly reaching the top are poured into a wine glass (after she used the measure to pour a vodka 😱)… well I’m not very impressed. It’s not going to take long to drink this!!


After dinner we take a walk around the main square. Yet again Ghengis is centre stage.

Next morning we are excited to get out and explore with our guide. Promptly at 8:20am we meet Zaya along with a driver and begin our private tour. Our first stop is at the impressive Gandan Monastery,

Zaya lays out the rules of entering the temple – shoes off, be quiet, step over the threshold, walk from left clockwise, don’t turn your back on the Buddha when exiting so essentially do a backward shuffle! There are a lot of rules but we are fairly good at complying. The main temple houses a stunning 26-meter gilded statue of Megjid Janraisag i.e. Buddha!

There are walls of smaller Buddhas around the temple and a decent number of locals who have come to pray and give offerings. Apparently it’s a holiday today, “Buddhas Enlightened day” so it feels like we are among tourists but they’re all Mongolian and we’re pretty much the only Westerners around! [officially the tourist season starts in June and we are here early May so a little early]

Outside the main temple is a large complex of smaller buildings, this one in particular was brought from Tibet.

The Mongolians follow the Tibetan Buddhist teachings and the Dalai Lama is seen regularly through the temples. I hadn’t really thought of Mongolians as Buddhists but indeed that is the state religion of the country, even though the monks were persecuted and some of the temples destroyed during the socialist time (more on that later).



I’m happy to see the prayer wheels as they remind me of my first big trip to Asia back in 2017 when I started this blog. I do a clockwise loop and swing a few.

From here we drive along Peace avenue (which is anything but peaceful with chaotic traffic) to the National Museum of Mongolia. We learn lots of interesting facts about Mongolia from the time of the Khans, through the socialist period to the current democracy. As always, I love a good museum and love to learn the history of the place I’m visiting but it’s hard to take it all in or to remember it all! There are many images of Ghengis regularly shown in the middle with his grandson Kubla Khan on the right and his predecessor on the left.

We see lots of traditional Mongolian clothing which differs as you travel through the provinces.

The second to last hall in the museum tells about the time of socialism. Our guide doesn’t enjoy this part of history so much but we get a very brief lowdown. In essence the first political party founded in Mongolia, called the Mongolian Revolutionary Party, led a national democratic revolution in 1921 to restore independence from Chinese autonomous rule. In 1924, backed by the Soviet army, the Mongolian People’s Republic was founded as a socialist state. This made Mongolian the first Asian and second country in the world (after Russia) to adopt communism. From 1921 to 1990, in the Mongolian People’s Republic, all social sectors including economy, culture and politics were directly dependent on the USSR and the perpetrator of the USSR Communist Party’s guidance.
From the 1980s the power of socialism in Mongolia waned among the population and led to a peaceful democratic revolution of 1990 when the first prime minister of Mongolia was declared deeming Mongolia the first Asian country to successfully transition from communist rule to democracy. The final hall in the museum is a jubilant celebration of democracy with the national anthem playing.

Obvious socialist looking buildings are dotted around the city.

After the museum we are on the road again. Leaving the city we cross the trans Siberian railway tracks again – officially when the train passes through here, it is the trans Mongolian. Trains only run on Wednesday and Friday but I’m still excited to see the tracks of this iconic railroad.

We drive toward Terelj National Park and stop at a new resort for lunch. We can see the domes glistening in the sun from quite a ways away! This new resort which has just recently allowed foreign tourists is very palatial and serves a very nice buffet lunch.

While we’re eating we are treated to some local music which includes a taster of the famous Mongolian throat singing.

On the way to lunch we got our first glimpse of the giant Genghis Khan monument and that’s where we are heading now.

I must admit I’m very excited to see this impressive 46m statue of Genghis on horseback as it’s the largest equestrian statue in the world.

You can climb to the top of the statue and essentially stand on the horse and look back at Genghis!

In the main building we get to try on some traditional clothing. I’m loving the head gear with the hair pockets!

I reckon we’d suit being royal!!

A final selfie with Genghis and our guide.

Now we drive a little further to Terelj national park and to our ger camp. The scenery is beautiful and the sun is shining.

Scattered around the landscape are single Ger camps, some in small groups but generally single gers where families are living. We even have some animals crossing the road, just like Irish country traffic!

A large ger camp for visitors to the National park.

Tonight we are staying in a small ger camp called “Heaven Envoy” which consists of about a dozen gers with a main building housing the restaurant and more importantly bathrooms.

Our surroundings are beautiful and it’s really peaceful and relaxing.


Ahhhhh the serenity!
After an hour or so of enjoying this tranquility we are back in the car along some bumpy tracks to visit Ariyabala meditation temple. This temple is on the side of the mountain and almost looks like an elephants trunk!

The walkway is lined with board delivering quotes and sayings to read and meditate upon as you climb.

The temple is no longer used by the monks but a popular place for locals to come to meditate.

There are beautiful views back to the valley.

Some local boys say hello and clearly want to practice their English. One in particular is very chatty and tells me he is 12 and goes to school and says his friends don’t have very good English!

We stop at Turtle rock on the way back and also take a visit into the small supermarket. I may have found some local Khan chips 😀

A beer (and said local crisps) on the steps of our ger ahead of dinner is just what the doctor ordered after a busy day of site seeing.


We have dinner with the guide and the driver and are served a very tasty salad and then a plate of dumplings. Dessert is a warm muffin (more fairy cake) and black tea (which I’m really enjoying with no milk).
The temperature has dropped significantly and in case it gets very cold during the night we light the fire… within moments it is roasting!! In fact it’s a little like being in a sauna!! We end up having to leave the door open and don’t even sleep under the blankets!!! Eventually the fire dies down and it’s very comfy!

Next morning we are served black tea, pumpkin soup followed with what I like to call, a full Mongolian for breakfast!!

We head toward Hustai national park in the west of Ulaanbaatar and surprise surprise the traffic is shocking! It takes 4.5 hours just to get to UB which should have taken two, so unfortunately the national park is off the itinerary for today. Instead we stop for a very extravagant lunch and then get back in the car for another 4 hours to another ger camp.

Leaving UB, we see the huge pipes that are bringing central heating to the new apartment blocks being built all over. In winter it can get to -40 degrees – UB is the coldest capital city in the world – I’m glad we’re visiting in Spring!

It is nice to see the countryside as we drive on mostly main roads (which have lots of potholes) with plenty of overtaking from the most popular car in Mongolia – the Prius! We see lots of livestock – cows, pigs, sheep and a goat 😁, some from a very close proximity as they cross the road. These horses gave us a good look.

We see these shamen sites randomly along the road.

We also pass tiny “one horse towns” that honestly look to me like they could be movie sets or at least a pretend village!!

At a particular toilet/coffee break Shane gets a great snap of a farmer herding some cattle onto the bridge….

As we get closer to our destination we take a “turn” from the main road onto what couldn’t even be described as a dirt road – how the driver knows where to turn to get us to the camp is a mystery… it is literally like driving off a road into the fields!
We eventually arrive to Hoyor Zagal lodge, tonight’s ger camp and we are excited that this one is with en-suite bathroom facilities! The camp itself is quite bigger than last nights camp with a large restaurant that can fit large groups.

Here is our fancy ger – the en-suite bathroom is behind the panel on the left – Fantastic!

We take a walk around, take a few snaps and get ready for dinner which is more beef!!! They do love their meat the Mongolians!





Next morning we start the day with another “full Mongolian”!

We are so remote it’s not possible to walk anywhere so it’s back in the car to visit Khugnu Khan national park.

The park has an old monastery with a number of temples built into the hillside.

A lady manages the area and she opens up the main temple and gives Zaya the keys for the others which we will hike up to.

It’s such a remote place but apparently in the 17th century 500 monks were slaughtered here. We see the remains of the 17th century monastery and enjoy the beautiful views.





Dotted around the valley you see an odd ger…. Nearest neighbour could be a few kilometres away.

After our visit to the monastery we travel a short distance to visit a nomadic family’s home where we spend a few hours chatting (through Zaya as our entrepreneur) and help make lunch. It’s a really lovely, easy going few hours and nice to experience the life of a nomad out here in the vast landscape. [note: toilet situation was what they call “toilet with a view”]
Our lunch started with what we thought was some type of cheese, but was described as the first milking of a cow after giving birth that is steamed until solid (colostrum?). Very tasty.

We were then put to work scrubbing potatoes and half an ‘aged’ carrot, and making dough for bread and noodles.


A leg of mutton was butchered and then cooked with some mystery paste and onions, with a final addition of heated rocks and covered with thinly rolled dough. It was the national dish, khorkhog. A soup was also made with the mutton and dough ‘pasta’.

It was all served on a table to share. Just a knife to hack off pieces of mutton. The local milk tea washed it all down. Overall delicious!

The family breed horses and have a large herd of sheep and goats. They have 4 children, three of which are adults” daughters and have left for the city and one young son. We don’t get to meet the man and son as they are tending to the animals.

We say goodbye to our lovely host and her niece and head for the Bayan Gobi sand dunes (mini-Gobi). It’s time to see some sand and take a camel ride. They call this the mini Gobi although it’s quite a few miles to the Gobi proper. However the sand dunes are beautiful and it is weird to see desert on one side and green countryside on the other.








Camel ride over, we walk around the far side of the dunes and see a vulture. He is absolutely huge and we manage to see him take off in flight – it’s amazing. Back at the Ger camp we have a little downtime to admire the countryside and check out a very nice sunset.

Next morning we get on the road early as it’s a long drive back to Ulaanbaatar and we are going to try to fit in the Hustai National park that we missed on our first day on the long journey to get here. Along the way to the park we see camels on the side of the road and more remote ger homes. It really is vast countryside and so interesting to view. We made it!

We watch a movie which gives a good overview of the park and how it came to be and outside the small exhibit room we see this interesting thing! It’s shuttle debris!! Imagine getting a smack of that out of nowhere!

We take a long bumpy drive (there has been a lot of off road driving on this trip!) through the park and see lots of marmots along the way.

What everyone comes here to see are the Takhi, aka Prewalski horses which are a wild horse native to Mongolia. After socialism the horses had become extinct but luckily a number of years earlier some had been exported to Germany and so Hustai National Park (HNP) was established to reintroduce the Prewalski’s horse. In 1992 15 horses were transported back to Mongolia and they are now at more than 400. We stop and manage to see some with binoculars and also see some red deer.

Buffet lunch at the national park and then we head back to Ulaanbaatar with just enough time to visit the Bogd Khan’s Palace Museum.

The last king of Mongolia and spiritual head of the nation lived in this European style home with his wife (who by the way they never consummated their marriage) and there are some very interesting artefacts to view. He had a large collection of stuffed birds and ones an elephant for many years.

We don’t have time to check into the hotel but we do have some spare time before the concert so we decide it’s cocktail time… well actually we pick up a beverage at the local supermarket and sit outside on a bench!!

Once we’re finished at the palace we are taken to see a traditional folklore concert featuring an amazing ensemble performing dance, Mongolian throat singing, a contortion performance and an amazing orchestra. It’s one of the best cultural shows of all the countries I’ve visited, the venue is beautiful, really professional and I enjoy every bit of the music performed.

Before dropping our bags at the hotel we do a quick stop at the city sign…

And check out a nice close by building showing the hand sign for love, as taught by Zara

It’s time to have our farewell meal which Zaya has organised for us at a lovely Korean beef restaurant. We have a salad to start, then soup, then not only a beautiful piece of beef but with a “side” of marrow bone and as if that’s not enough finished with cake similar to black forest. What a feast!

After dinner we take a walk to try walk off some of the grub and we pass a craft beer bar that Shane had spotted (you’d be surprised what he sees from a car) earlier today. It’s a nice old bar so we have one to say goodbye to the city.

So long UB!

We are flying out at lunchtime and as the traffic can be unreliable we leave at 9am to ensure we’re not late. Zaya drives us and on the way we stop for coffee to meet the lady who we booked the tour with. We are able to tell them how great a time we’ve had on this tour and get to the airport in plenty of time.
One last shot of the countryside and a ger home that is so typical of what we’ve seen in Mongolia.

Back to Seoul for us. Bye bye Mongolia!


























































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































